Rugs are a fascinating dichotomy: they may be made by either human hands or industrial machinery. Modern technology enables us to produce rugs in a variety of patterns, colors, and sizes at a quick rate. However, these machine-made carpets vary from their handcrafted counterparts in numerous significant ways.
Machine-made rugs are often less expensive than handmade rugs, however they do not last as long. Machine-made rugs provide a diverse range; the same pattern is often available in several sizes, colors, and from various makers. They are made on automated weaving looms that sew numerous yarn colors onto a backing material, resulting in complex designs.
Handmade carpets, on the other hand, are often one-of-a-kind works of art that use inventive color combinations. Even when using general design, handmade rugs have distinct intricacies and details that reflect the weaver’s creative involvement. Handmade carpets are usually dyed using natural pigments to guarantee colour lonevity. They have lasting worth and are often handed down as beloved heirlooms.
Rug Making Processes
Hand Knotting. Hand knotting is the technique of manually tying every knot to the warp threads of a loom. The rug’s structure is made up of warp threads that run vertically. A shuttle or knotting comb is used to loop the yarn around pairs of nearby warp threads.


The two most common knots used in hand knotting are the Turkish (Ghiordes) and  Persian (Senneh). Because of the asymmetry of the Persian knot, the person weaving must pass the yarn beneath one warp thread prior to crossing it over the next warp thread. In contrast, the Turkish knot is symmetrical and involves bringing the yarn back up between the two neighboring warp threads after slipping it under both of them.

Weaving: The structure of a rug is formed by weaving together weft (horizontal threads) and warp (longitudinal threads). The first stage in the weaving process is to set up a loom, which is a frame or device that keeps the warp threads extended vertically and under tension. The weft threads are crossed and placed under the warp threads to create the rug’s structure. To create a tightly woven fabric, this process is performed row after row while switching the over and under pattern.

In hand weaving, the weft threads are manually manipulated using a shuttle, an instrument that holds and moves the weft along the warp. To achieve a perfect and uniform weave, the weaver carefully controls the tension and positioning of the weft threads. Rug designs and patterns may be created using a number of weaving techniques. Kilim, soumak, tapestry, and flat-weave are some of the most common weaving techniques.

Hooking is a traditional method used to produce a textured pile surface by drawing loops of yarn or fabric through a base material. Rug hooking is often performed on a foundation made of mesh or burlap, using a specialized instrument called a rug hook. The procedure enables the creation of elaborate patterns and design by manipulating the colors and lengths of the loops. After it is finished, the rug is often reinforced by backing it with fabric to enhance its structure. Hooked rugs are highly valued for their artisanal appeal and adaptability in enhancing the coziness and personality of indoor areas.

Hand Tufting. A tufting gun or other hand equipment is used to manually build a pile during this operation. Before the hand tufting process can begin, the foundation fabric or backdrop material is stretched firmly on a frame or loom, which acts as a canvas for the design or pattern to be marked as a guide. The artist uses a tufting gun or another hand instrument to insert yarn loops into the cloth. The portable tool allows the artist to physically punch the yarn into the material, while the tufting gun utilizes a needle to force the yarn into the fabric.

After attaching the backing fabric to the yarn, it is fixed using latex glue or similar bonding agent. This secures the loops securely in place and prevents them from coming undone.
The method is repeated over the full design area.
Needlepoint Needlepoint is a technique that involves sewing yarn or thread into a canvas using a needle. The canvas employed here is a cloth with evenly placed holes that mimic a grid pattern. The artist threads the yarn into the holes in the canvas’s surface using a needlepoint needle which has a blunt tip and a big eye. The stitches are created using a variety of methods, including tent stitch, basketweave thread, and other decorative stitches. The tent stitch is the most common stitch used in needlepoint. It entails creating a slanted stitch that fills a single square on the canvas by diagonally pushing the needle up through one hole and down through the next.















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